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#nonce

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Crypto Trading Systems Bug Report

EVM bot transactions fail with nonce too low and replacement transaction underpriced

Ryan Pham · Jun 3, 2026 · 6 min read

Our settlement bot sends several transactions per minute from one address. After we parallelised it, sends failed with nonce too low and replacement transaction underpriced, and some transactions sat stuck for hours. A single nonce manager per address and correct fee bumping fixed it.

Banner: Kraken API rejecting requests because two workers share one key and its nonce

Crypto Trading Systems Bug Report

Kraken API EAPI:Invalid nonce when a second worker starts with the same key

Ryan Pham · May 14, 2025 · 5 min read

Our order router ran fine as one process. When we scaled to two workers, a third of private API calls failed with EAPI:Invalid nonce. Kraken requires an increasing nonce per API key, and two processes generating millisecond timestamps raced each other. One key per worker fixed it.